Although claims for the restitution of undue performance are generally dismissed, exceptions are allowed in certain circumstances. Let’s look at some situations in which the restitution of remuneration is feasible and instances when the courts do rule in favour of employees.

2025 was a pivotal year for the European regulatory system governing sustainable development. After years of expanding reporting obligations and due diligence requirements, EU institutions have decided to significantly change their approach.

In 2025, the Polish financial market entered another phase of adjustments to EU legislation. The draft new Consumer Credit Act implementing the CCD2 Directive, alongside the regulations on distance financial services, represents one of the most comprehensive attempts to standardise the rules for providing finance to consumers. The changes are so extensive that they cover all stages, from advertising and customer acquisition to the assessment of creditworthiness, the structure of agreements, the scope of the lender’s liability, withdrawal rules and the detailed organisation of remote sales.

Energy is no longer the exclusive domain of engineers and politicians; it is becoming the foundation of the business strategy of any company that wants to remain competitive. And 2026 will see a multitude of legislative changes that will fundamentally alter the current approach to the rules for grid connection, energy trading and reporting obligations.